Orthognathic Surgery
What is Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery, commonly known as corrective jaw surgery, is a specialised procedure aimed at correcting irregularities in the jaw bones and aligning the jaws and teeth to improve both function and appearance. This type of surgery is crucial for cases where orthodontic issues cannot be resolved with braces alone. Typical indications for orthognathic surgery include severe misalignment of teeth, problems with jaw growth, congenital conditions affecting the jaws, and facial asymmetry.
The process begins with a comprehensive assessment by a team of specialists, including orthodontists and oral & maxillofacial surgeons. Patients usually undergo pre-surgical orthodontic treatment to align the teeth in the optimal position for surgery. The surgical procedure itself involves precise cuts in the jawbones, which are then moved into the correct position and secured with screws or plates. This realignment can significantly improve functions such as chewing, speaking, and breathing.
Recovery from orthognathic surgery involves several weeks of downtime, with a gradual return to normal activities. However, the results can be transformative, offering not only functional benefits but also significant improvements in facial aesthetics. Post-operative care includes a combination of rest, diet modification, and follow-up visits for monitoring and adjustment. The overall outcome enhances both the physical functionality and the psychological wellbeing of the patient.
Jaw surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Orthognathic surgery is a pivotal intervention for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) when non-surgical options are insufficient or not tolerated.
OSA is characterised by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the airway during sleep, leading to significant disruptions in breathing. Traditional non-surgical treatments like CPAP machines or oral appliances may not be effective for all individuals, particularly those with anatomical abnormalities in the jaw that contribute to airway obstruction.
In such cases, orthognathic surgery can provide a more definitive solution by realigning the jawbones to increase the airway space. The procedure typically involves surgical modifications to the position of the maxilla (upper jaw) and the mandible (lower jaw). This advancement of the jaws opens up the airway, significantly reducing the risk of obstruction during sleep.
The surgery requires careful planning with a multidisciplinary team that includes an oral & maxillofacial surgeon, a sleep specialist, and an orthodontist. Recovery involves several weeks and includes follow-up assessments to ensure the airway remains open post-surgery. For many patients, this surgery not only improves sleep quality but also reduces the long-term health risks associated with OSA, such as cardiovascular disease, making it a transformative treatment for severe cases.